Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

What is sexually transmitted infections (STI)?

STIs are infections spread through oral, vaginal, penile or anal sexual contact. These include:

• Chlamydia
• Gonorrhea
• Trichomonas
• Genital Herpes 
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
• Hepatitis B
• Syphilis
• HIV/AIDS

What are the symptoms of STI?

Most do not have symptoms. Some symptoms include:

• Vaginal itch
• Foul smelling vaginal discharge
• Fever, discomfort
• Painful sex
• Bleeding in between periods, or bleeding after sex
• Genital warts

In some cases, infections can spread upwards from the vagina and cervix to affect a woman’s uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries (pelvic inflammatory disease).

What tests do I need?

Your gynaecologist will take a detailed medical history and perform a pelvic examination. Swabs will be taken from the genital region e.g. vagina and cervix to test for infections. Blood tests are required to check for hepatitis, syphilis and HIV/AIDS.

If your tests come back positive, you and/or your partner will be advised for additional tests. 

I have been diagnosed with STI. What treatment do I need?

Treatment depends on the STI you have. Your gynaecologist will discuss the appropriate treatment options for you, which may include antibiotics and a test-of-cure (if applicable) after antibiotic completion.

Contact your gynaecologist earlier if you experience:

• Increasing abdominal pain
• Worsening/persistent fever
• Feeling very unwell 

What about my partner?

Your partner may have no symptoms even if they have STIs. It is important for all partners to be tested and treated appropriately, to avoid reinfection and long-term health problems. 

Avoid sexual contact for a week after you and your partner have completed treatment. Use a condom to protect against STIs and to prevent reinfection.